Sensor and Actuator for electric vehicle

At present, our company's Sensor series products have reached a long-term partnership with the tram brand NIO in the industry. Of course, our inductive proximity switch is a low-cost method for non-contact metal objects. Widely used in key fields of metal components, such as the automotive industry, metallurgical industry, machine tool industry, robotics industry, mechanical engineering, conveyor systems, papermaking and printing industries. Many industrial automation (IA) applications require the ability to perceive the presence and/or position of objects or human bodies without physical contact, in order to avoid constraining or limiting the movement of perceived objects.

Automotive Sensors are input devices in the automotive computer system, which convert various operating conditions information such as vehicle speed, temperature of various media, engine operating conditions, etc. into electrical signals and transmit them to the computer, so that the engine is in optimal working condition. There are many sensors used in vehicles, and when determining the fault of a sensor, one should not only consider the sensor itself, but also the entire circuit where the fault occurred. Therefore, when searching for faults, in addition to checking the sensor, it is also necessary to check the wiring harness, connectors, and related circuits between the sensor and the electronic control unit. One of the characteristics of the development of automotive technology is that more and more components are controlled electronically. According to the function of sensors, they can be classified as sensors that measure temperature, pressure, flow rate, position, gas concentration, speed, brightness, humidity, distance, and other functions. They each perform their respective functions. Once a certain sensor fails, the corresponding device will not work properly or even not work. Therefore, the role of sensors in automobiles is very important.

The sensors on the vehicle body can be roughly divided into 9 types:

1. Odometer sensor

The sensor on the differential or half axle is used to sense the number of turns. Generally, Hall and photoelectric methods are used to detect signals. Its purpose is to use the Odometer to effectively analyze and judge the driving speed and mileage of the car. Because the angular speed of the half axle and the wheel is equal, the radius of the tire is known, and it is calculated directly through mileage parameters. Designing two bearings on the transmission shaft greatly reduces the force distance during operation, reduces friction, and enhances service life; Change the original dynamic detection signal to a gear running detection signal; Changed from a straight in vertical gearbox to a chamfered interface gearbox. The Odometer sensor plug is usually on the transmission. Some can be seen when opening the engine cover, and some must be operated in the trench.

2. Oil pressure sensor

In general, an oil pressure sensor is used to detect the amount of oil in the car and convert the detected signal into a signal that we can understand, reminding us of how much oil is left or how far it can go, or even reminding the car that oil needs to be added.

3. Water temperature sensor

The electronic control unit measures the temperature of the engine cooling water based on this change as a correction number for fuel injection and ignition timing. We can understand the running status of the car, whether it stops or moves, or how long it has been moving, through the temperature of the engine water temperature.

4. Air flow sensor

Its function is to detect the size of the engine's intake air volume, convert the intake air volume information into an electrical signal output, and transmit it to the ECU.

5. ABS sensor

ABS works to ensure that the brake piston and brake disc are not stuck, and that they are at the edge of Sliding friction and static friction. Most of the vehicle speed is monitored by inductance sensors. ABS sensors output a set of quasi sinusoidal AC signals through the action of the gear ring that rotates synchronously with the wheels. The frequency and amplitude of the signals are related to the wheel speed. The output signals are transmitted to the ABS electronic control unit (ECU) to achieve real-time monitoring of wheel speed.

6. Airbag sensor

Also known as collision sensors, they are divided into triggering collision sensors and protective collision sensors according to their different purposes. Trigger collision type is used to detect the acceleration change during collision and transmit the collision signal to the airbag computer as the triggering signal; The collision protection type is connected in series with the triggering collision type to prevent airbag accidental explosion.

7. Gas concentration sensor

Mainly used for detecting gas and exhaust emissions inside the vehicle body. Among them, the most important is the oxygen sensor, which detects the oxygen content in car exhaust, determines the air fuel ratio based on the oxygen concentration in the exhaust, and sends a feedback signal to the microcomputer control device to control the air fuel ratio to converge to the theoretical value. When the air fuel ratio increases and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas increases, the output voltage of the oxygen sensor decreases;

When the air fuel ratio decreases and the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas decreases, the output voltage increases. The electronic control unit recognizes this sudden change signal, corrects the fuel injection quantity, and accordingly adjusts the air fuel ratio to fluctuate around the ideal air fuel ratio.

8. Position and speed sensors

Mainly used to detect engine crankshaft angle, engine speed, and throttle opening.

8. Position and speed sensors

Mainly used for detecting engine crankshaft angle, engine speed, throttle opening, vehicle speed, automotive acceleration detection, automotive deceleration detection, etc., providing reference point signals for ignition and fuel injection timing, and also providing engine speed signals. The position and speed sensors used in automobiles mainly include AC generator type, reluctance type, Hall effect type, reed switch type, optical type, and semiconductor magnetic transistor type.

9. Speed sensor

Speed sensors are important and widely used sensors in electric vehicles. In terms of its definition, speed sensors are mainly sensors used to measure speed, including speed sensors, vehicle speed sensors, wheel speed sensors, etc.

The speed sensor is mainly used for detecting the rotational speed of electric vehicle motors. The speed sensor is used to measure the driving speed of electric vehicles.

10. Radar sensor

The 24GHz radar sensor is used in car anti-collision installation systems to determine the size, distance, and movement speed of objects in front by transmitting radar waves. It is then used in conjunction with the display or car braking system to avoid collisions between the car and objects in front. The transmission frequency of the sensor is around 24.125GHz, and the adjustable frequency range is around 50KHz.